VFD Error Codes Troubleshooting Guide

VFD Error Codes Troubleshooting Guide

This guide lists common VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) fault codes, their possible causes, and countermeasures to help you quickly diagnose and resolve issues with your CNC router.

Fault Code Fault Type Possible Cause Countermeasure
Err02 Acceleration overcurrent 1. Too short acceleration time
2. Low voltage
3. Small frequency converter selection
1. Increase acceleration time
2. Set the voltage to the normal range
3. Frequency converter power increase
Err03 Deceleration overcurrent 1. Too short deceleration time
2. Low voltage
............
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How to Maintain a CNC Water‑Cooled Spindle

The water-cooled spindle is the heart of any desktop CNC router. It directly determines machining accuracy and overall machine longevity. Many users report increased noise after two years or vibration marks during engraving — most of these issues stem from neglected routine maintenance. This guide covers cooling system care, electrical connections, and daily usage habits, based on feedback collected from OMIOCNC customers worldwide over many years.

1. Cooling System: Keep It Flowing

Choosing and Replacing Coolant

  • Recommended mixture: Distilled water + 10–20% ethylene glycol antifreeze (or a dedicated spindle coolant). Never use tap water — minerals will form scale inside the channels, block heat dissipation, and eventually burn out the coils.
  • Replacement interval: Every 3 months. If you work in high humidity (coastal areas, Southeast Asia), shorten to every 2 months. During hot summers, check the level weekly and top up as needed.

Pump and Tubing Check

Before starting each day, touch the return hose............

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About Spindle Motor Speed

Please pay attention to the Spindle Working Speed ! 
Engraving machine spindle motor may be clearly different than Milling machine spindle.

For engraving machine, the higher spindle speed, the greater cutting force. the lower speed, the smaller cutting force, if spindle speed is too low may be caused spindle stalled or VFD burned.

So, depending on the different materials, set spindle speed to 12,000 ~ 24,000 is most appropriate. 
1) ABS/PVC/POM/Nylon and other plastic materials use about 16,000rpm. 
2) 6061 aluminum and H59 brass use about 16000~20000rpm.
3) Acrylic use about 17,000~22,000rpm. 
Different materials should be more testing............

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Maintenance of the water-cooled spindle

For a water-cooled spindle, we need to use correct ways to maintain it.
1. The cooling water, you can choose either tap water or deionized water. Please add a little common antirust into water ( the kind used in water tank of cars is OK).

2. You need to ensure that the spindle runs normally, so that you must avoid the water-cooled spindle lacks water. During operation, please check the surface temperature of the spindle regularly to prevent from a hot spindle.

3. Please measure the temperature of the cooling water periodically, you’d better keep the cooling water within 30 degree centigrade. When the environment temperature is high ( in summer), please use a big-size water tank. When the temperature of the cooling water is rising, you can lower the temperature by adding more water.

4. If you use tap water, please change the water periodically ( change one time in a week)

5. When the temperature in winter is below 5 degree centigrade, please add some anti-freezing solution into the cooling water.

6. If you don’t use the machine for a long time, you must use compressed air to blow out the water in the spindle until there is no water in it............

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